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DEJAVNIKI RAZVOJA AVTONOMIJE SLOVENSKE ŠOLE
| FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SLOVENE SCHOOL AUTONOMY
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Pregledni znanstveni članek
| Review
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UDK 371.2
| UDC 371.2
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DESKRIPTORJI: demokracija, decentralizacija, avtonomija, šola, pluralizem interesov, izobraževanje
| DESCRIPTORS: democracy, decentralisation, school autonomy, pluralism of educational interests
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POVZETEK - V prispevku ugotavljamo, da je zakonodaja
v Sloveniji za pot k avtonomnosti šole in njenih udeležencev odprla
večji formalni prostor, kot je v praksi izkoriščen. Obstajajo različna
pojmovanja avtonomije, iz katerih izhajajo tudi različne ocene razvojnega
stanja glede na odprtost sistema za informacije, asimilacijo, transformacijo,
selekcijo in integracijo.
Izhajamo iz izkušenj, ki so jih pridobile druge države pri spodbujanju
razvoja avtonomije šole s procesi decentralizacije političnega upravljanja
šol v smislu lokalnih interesov odločanja o šoli, odgovornosti šol
za gospodarno upravljanje sredstev in teženj k izboljševanju kakovosti
pouka.
| ABSTRACT - The paper states that formally Slovenian
legislation provides more room for school autonomy and for the autonomy
of those involved in it than can actually be observed in practice.
In Slovenia, definitions of autonomy differ, hence also the differences
in the assessment of the state of play. The paper is based on the
fundamental characteristics of autonomy, e.g. the openness of the
system for information, assimilation, transformation, selection and
integration.
The paper is based on the experience of other countries in fostering
school autonomy with processes of decentralisation of the political
management of schools, in terms of local interests playing a role
in the decision-making of schools, of the school taking responsibility
for managing their funds and in their tendency to improve the quality
of teaching.
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KONSTRUKTIVIZEM V IZOBRAŽEVANJU
| CONSTRUCTIVISM IN EDUCATION
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Pregledni znanstveni članek
| Review
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UDK 371.2
| UDC 371.2
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DESKRIPTORJI: znanje, konstruktivizem, epistemologija
| DESCRIPTORS: knowledge, constructivism, epistemology
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POVZETEK - Avtorici razpravljata o raznolikosti teoretičnih
izhodišč konstruktivistično usmerjenega pouka in poskušata vzpostaviti
zvezo med teorijo o nastajanju znanja in učinkovitostjo izobraževanja.
Ugotavljata, da konstruktivizem ne zahteva le aktivnega učenca, ki
si svoje znanje gradi z lastnim miselnim naporom, ampak tudi aktivnega
učitelja.
| ABSTRACT - The authors discuss the diversity of
theoretical starting points in constructivism oriented instruction
and try to link the theory on the creation of knowledge with the effectiveness
of education. They claim that constructivism does not only require
an active student who builds his knowledge on mental effort but an
active teacher as well.
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MULTIMEDIJI IN SPODBUJANJE SODELOVANJA
| MULTIMEDIA AND INCENTIVES FOR THEIR IMPLEMENTATION
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Pregledni znanstveni članek
| Review
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UDK 004.55:37
| UDC 004.55:37
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DESKRIPTORJI: multimediji, didaktične funkcije, inovacije, interaktivno učenje, spopolnjevanje učiteljev
| DESCRIPTORS: multimedia, teaching functions, innovations, in-service teacher training
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POVZETEK - V prispevku avtor razpravlja o nekaterih
didaktičnih vidikih multimedijskih tehnologij in njihovem vplivu na
kvaliteto učnega procesa. Predstavi nekatere osnovne pobude za uvajanje
multimedijske tehnologije v šole in izpostavi pomembnejše didaktične
funkcije medijev, kot so ponazarjanje, motivacija, informativnost
in reprodukcija, možnosti individualizacije in interaktivnega učenja.
Ugotavljamo, da so z novimi multimedijskimi tehnologijami šole dobile
številne spodbude za inovativno pedagoško delo, vendar pa mora te
procese spremljati nenehno strokovno spopolnjevanje učiteljev, kajti
integracija novih tehnologij je kompleksna naloga, ki terja diferenciranost
šolske organizacije.
| ABSTRACT - The author discusses teaching aspects
of multimedia technologies and their impact on the quality of the
teaching process. He presents the fundamental incentives for the implementation
of multimedia technology into schools and exposes the more important
teaching functions of the media, such as the function of illustrating,
of motivation, the informative and the reproduction function, the
possibility of individualisation and interactive learning. We can
establish that with the new multimedia technologies schools have gained
numerous incentives for innovative educational work. These processes,
however, must be constantly accompanied by professional in-service
teacher training because integration of new technologies is a complex
task requiring differentiated school organisation.
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POLOŽAJ UČENCA V UČNEM PROCESU
| STUDENT'S ROLE IN THE LEARNING PROCESS
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Izvirni znanstveni članek
| Original scientific paper
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UDK 371.3:37.03
| UDC 371.3:37.03
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DESKRIPTORJI: učenci, raziskovanje, samostojnost, ustvarjalnost, motivacija, participacija, sodelovanje
| DESCRIPTORS: student's role, individual research, creative activity, internal motivation, participation, student co-operation
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POVZETEK - Prispevek prikazuje vlogo in položaj učencev
v vzgojno-izobraževalnem procesu. V prvem delu izpostavimo tri ključne
pogoje za uresničevanje aktivnejše vloge učencev v vzgojno-izobraževalnem
procesu: ustvarjalna aktivnost učencev, notranja motivacija in položaj
učencev v posameznih fazah vzgojno-izobraževalnega procesa. V drugem
delu so prikazani rezultati pilotske empirične raziskave, ki odpirajo
vprašanje, ali se teoretične sodobne zamisli o vlogi in položaju učencev
tudi dejansko uresničujejo v vzgojno-izobraževalni praksi.
| ABSTRACT - The article is about the role students
play in the modern educational process. The first part introduces
the three basic conditions that have to be fulfilled if the student
is to become active in the educational process: the activity must
be creative, there must be internal motivation and the student must
play a part in the individual stages of the educational process. In
the second part the article focuses on the empirical findings about
the student's role in the educational process. The results leave us
with the question: is the student's role in the educational process
really a modern one - in the sense of all the characteristics
described in the article.
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RAZVIJANJE MOTIVACIJE ZA LIKOVNO-USTVARJALNO DELO
| DEVELOPING MOTIVATION FOR CREATIVE ARTISTIC WORK
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Izvirni znanstveni članek
| Original scientific paper
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UDK 372.87
| UDC 372.87
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DESKRIPTORJI: osnovna šola, likovna vzgoja, motivacija, materiali in orodja, motiv, skupinsko delo
| DESCRIPTORS: primary school, art education, motivation, materials and tools, motif, group work
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POVZETEK - Članek obravnava izboljšanje motivacije
za likovno-ustvarjalno delo pri učencih v višjih razredih osnovne
šole. Cilji izpeljane akcijske raziskave so bili izboljšati obstoječe
načine dela pri likovni vzgoji, omogočiti učencem večjo samostojnost
v procesu likovne vzgoje in povečati interes učencev za likovno vzgojo.
Akcijska raziskava, ki je bila izvedena v dveh fazah, je potekala
na eni izmed mariborskih osnovnih šol in je vključevala sodelovanje
dveh sedmih in dveh osmih razredov ter tamkajšnjo likovno pedagoginjo.
Dobljeni rezultati so pokazali, da na motivacijo učencev dobro vplivata
samostojna izbira materialov in orodij za delo ter delno samostojna
izbira motiva.
| ABSTRACT - The article focuses on the improvement
of motivation for creative work of children at the higher primary
level. The objective of our action research was to improve the existing
methods of art education work, to allow children greater independence
in the process, and also to enhance their interest in art education.
The action research was conducted in two rounds at a primary school
in Maribor and included two seventh and two eighth grades and an art
education teacher. The results have shown that independent selection
of materials and partly independent selection of motifs have positive
effects on motivation for creative work.
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POUČEVANJE TUJIH JEZIKOV IN IZOBRAŽEVANJE TUJEJEZIKOVNIH UČITELJEV TER NJIHOV VPLIV NA PROGRAME ZA IZOBRAŽEVANJE
| CONCEPTIONS ABOUT FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION AND THEIR IMPACT ON EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES
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Izvirni znanstveni članek
| Original scientific paper
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UDK 372.8:811
| UDC 372.8:811
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DESKRIPTORJI: izobraževanje tujejezikovnih učiteljev, pojmovanja o poučevanju in izobraževanju učiteljev, programska evalvacija
| DESCRIPTORS: foreign language teacher education, conceptions of teaching and teacher education, programme evaluation
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POVZETEK - Avtor ugotavlja, da proces profesionalizacije
pedagoškega poklica še ni končan, med drugim tudi zaradi preskromne
baze znanja o poučevanju in izobraževanju učiteljev. To velja tudi
za teorijo tujejezikovnega poučevanja in izobraževanja tujejezikovnih
učiteljev. Prispevek sestoji iz dveh delov. Prvi del vsebuje pregled
sodobnih pojmovanj o tujejezikovnem poučevanju in izobraževanju tujejezikovnih
učiteljev in ugotavlja vpliv teh pojmovanj na programe za izobraževanje
tujejezikovnih učiteljev. Drugi del prispevka predstavlja rezultate
empirične raziskave, s katero je avtor ugotavljal stališča visokošolskih
učiteljev, ki izvajajo program za izobraževanje učiteljev angleškega
jezika, do programa in njegovega izvajanja, še posebej z vidika ustreznosti
programa za pedagoško profesijo.
| ABSTRACT - The author agrees with those who
believe that the process of professionalisation of teaching is not
yet finished, one of the reasons being the insufficient knowledge
base of teaching and teacher education. This is also true for the
theory of foreign language (FL) teaching and for the education of
foreign language teachers. The paper consists of two parts. The first
part gives an overview of contemporary conceptions of FL teaching
and FL teacher education, and aims to identify the impact of these
conceptions on FL teacher education programmes. In the second part
of his paper the author presents the results of his empirical research,
which aimed to identify the attitudes and opinions held by the Faculty
of Education academic staff, who participate in the programme for
future English language teachers, towards the programme and its
implementation, with a particular focus on its appropriateness for
the teaching profession.
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PROJEKTNO DELO IN TIMSKI UČITELJ NA KOROŠKEM
| PROJECT WORK AND TEAM TEACHER IN THE CARINTHIA REGION
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Strokovni članek
| Professional paper
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UDK 371.2
| UDC 371.2
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DESKRIPTORJI: učni cilji, dvojezičnost, timski učitelj
| DESCRIPTORS: teaching aims, bilingualism, team teacher
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POVZETEK - Avtorica v svojem članku poroča o problematiki
dvojezičnega pouka na avstrijskem Koroškem. Zakon omogoča, da občasno
sodeluje poleg dvojezičnega učitelja v tem procesu tudi timski učitelj,
kar omogoča kvalitetnejše doseganje učnih ciljev in realizacijo vzgojnih
nalog šole. Za opravljanje teh nalog pa je potrebno dodatno izobraževanje
in usposabljanje učiteljev.
| ABSTRACT - The author discusses the issues connected
with bilingual education in Austrian Carinthia. Next to a bilingual
teacher, the law allows for a team teacher on a part time basis, which
enables higher quality of work and better implementation of school
educational aims. To be successful in this work, the teacher has to
be additionally trained and educated.
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ELEMENTI POUČEVANJA PROMETNE VZGOJE V 9-LETNI OSNOVNI ŠOLI
| TEACHING TRAFFIC EDUCATION IN THE 9-YEAR PRIMARY SCHOOL
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Strokovni članek
| Professional paper
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UDK 371.3:656
| UDC 371.3:656
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DESKRIPTORJI: učenci, učitelji, poučevanje, prometna vzgoja, devetletka
| DESCRIPTORS: students, teachers, teaching, traffic education, 9-year primary school
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POVZETEK - Prometna vzgoja predstavlja pomemben element
na poti odraščanja otroka. Na njej je pomembno sodelovanje vseh
akterjev: učencev, staršev in učiteljev. Tudi prenova osnovnošolskega
izobraževanja ni ostala imuna do tega področja. Prometna vzgoja se
tako smiselno vsebinsko nadgrajuje po vsej vertikali in se celovito
vključuje v proces vzgoje in izobraževanja. V kakšnem okolju naj poteka
pouk prometne vzgoje? Kakšna je spremenjena podoba tega področja in
kako se v nekaterih segmentih to odraža pri učiteljih, je samo nekaj
zanimivejših vprašanj.
| ABSTRACT - Traffic education represents an important
element in the child's process of growth and requires joint efforts
of all involved parties: students, parents and teachers. The
renovation of primary education has not remained immune to it and
we can observe how traffic education is being upgraded vertically
in all stages and has become completely integrated in the educational
process. Some of the questions in this connection are: What is the
proper environment for traffic education? What is the changed understanding
of this area and how does it reflect on the teacher.
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USTVARJALNOST UČENCEV PRI RAZISKOVALNEM UČENJU
| STUDENT CREATIVITY APPLIED IN RESEARCH LEARNING
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Strokovni članek
| Professional paper
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UDK 371.3
| UDC 371.3
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DESKRIPTORJI: ustvarjalnost, inovacija, raziskovalno učenje, učne metode
| DESCRIPTORS: creativity, innovation, research learning, learning methods
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POVZETEK - Sestavek obravnava ustvarjalnost in inovacije
učencev pri pouku. Raziskovalno učenje kot integriran proces omogoča
odkrivanje številnih novih, doslej neznanih značilnosti. Raziskovalni
pristop je pomembna sestavina hevristične učne strategije, ki prispeva
k večji samostojnosti in ustvarjalnosti učencev.
| ABSTRACT - The article discusses creativity and
innovations of students during lessons. As an integrated process,
research learning enables the discovery of numerous new characteristics
not known until now. The research approach is an important constituent
of the heuristic learning strategy, which contributes to greater student
independence and creativity.
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RAZŠIRITEV MATEMATIČNEGA PROBLEMA
| EXPANSION OF A MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM
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Strokovni članek
| Professional paper
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UDK 372.851
| UDC 372.851
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DESKRIPTORJI: učni cilji, matematika, problem, načini reševanja, učne strategije
| DESCRIPTORS: teaching aims, mathematics, problem, ways of problem solving, learning strategies
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POVZETEK - Beseda problem je ena najpogosteje rabljenih
besed današnjega časa. Prepletena je z vsakdanjim življenjem ljudi
in jih spremlja od zgodnjega otroštva pa vse do starosti. Reševanje
problemov je torej pomembno v vsakem trenutku našega življenja in
vseh družbenih procesih, tako da ni nič čudnega, da je postalo tudi
eden najpomembnejših elementov načrtov in ciljev vseh izobraževalnih
ustanov na vseh nivojih izobraževanja, od vrtca pa do univerze.
Poleg poznavanja pojmov in postopkov so pomembne tudi učne strategije,
ki pomagajo pridobljena znanja uporabiti v novih situacijah. Avtorica
opredeljuje pojem matematičnega problema in izvede razvrstitev glede
na različno pot reševanja in glede na različnost cilja.
| ABSTRACT - The word problem is one of the most frequently
used words in modern times. It is intricately connected with the everyday
lives of the people and accompanies them from early childhood to old
age. Problem solving is thus an important activity in every single
moment of our lives and in all social processes. No wonder that it
has also become one of the most relevant elements of planning and
goal setting of all educational institutions and at all educational
levels from kindergarten to university.
Beside the concepts and procedures there are also learning strategies
which play an important role in the application of the acquired knowledge
to new learning situations. The author defines the concept of a mathematical
problem and offers a classification based on the different solution
paths and on the different goals.
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SLUŠNO RAZUMEVANJE PRI MATURI IZ ANGLEŠČINE
| LISTENING COMPREHENSION IN ENGLISH AS PART OF THE MATURA EXAM
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Strokovni članek
| Professional paper
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UDK 373.54:372.8:811.111
| UDC 373.54:372.8:811.111
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DESKRIPTORJI: matura, test, poslušanje, slušni preizkus
| DESCRIPTORS: the Matura exam, test, listening comprehension
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POVZETEK - Avtorica poroča o slušnem preizkusu pri
maturi in možnih tipih nalog. Posreduje primer maturitetne izpitne
pole ter nekaj sugestij učiteljem, kako razviti sposobnosti poslušanja
pri dijakih.
| ABSTRACT - The article is about the Matura listening
paper, its types and topics. It gives an example of a test task as
well as some suggestions for teachers and students about how to develop
listening skills.
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