2003 - LETNIK 18
POVZETKI ŠTEVILKE 2

Dr. Bogomir Novak

DEJAVNIKI RAZVOJA AVTONOMIJE SLOVENSKE ŠOLE

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SLOVENE SCHOOL AUTONOMY

Pregledni znanstveni članek Review
UDK 371.2 UDC 371.2
DESKRIPTORJI: demokracija, decentralizacija, avtonomija, šola, pluralizem interesov, izobraževanje
DESCRIPTORS: democracy, decentralisation, school autonomy, pluralism of educational interests
POVZETEK - V prispevku ugotavljamo, da je zakonodaja v Sloveniji za pot k avtonomnosti šole in njenih udeležencev odprla večji formalni prostor, kot je v praksi izkoriščen. Obstajajo različna pojmovanja avtonomije, iz katerih izhajajo tudi različne ocene razvojnega stanja glede na odprtost sistema za informacije, asimilacijo, transformacijo, selekcijo in integracijo. Izhajamo iz izkušenj, ki so jih pridobile druge države pri spodbujanju razvoja avtonomije šole s procesi decentralizacije političnega upravljanja šol v smislu lokalnih interesov odločanja o šoli, odgovornosti šol za gospodarno upravljanje sredstev in teženj k izboljševanju kakovosti pouka. ABSTRACT - The paper states that formally Slovenian legislation provides more room for school autonomy and for the autonomy of those involved in it than can actually be observed in practice. In Slovenia, definitions of autonomy differ, hence also the differences in the assessment of the state of play. The paper is based on the fundamental characteristics of autonomy, e.g. the openness of the system for information, assimilation, transformation, selection and integration. The paper is based on the experience of other countries in fostering school autonomy with processes of decentralisation of the political management of schools, in terms of local interests playing a role in the decision-making of schools, of the school taking responsibility for managing their funds and in their tendency to improve the quality of teaching.

Dr. Barica Marentič Požarnik, dr. Majda Cencič

KONSTRUKTIVIZEM V IZOBRAŽEVANJU

CONSTRUCTIVISM IN EDUCATION

Pregledni znanstveni članek Review
UDK 371.2 UDC 371.2
DESKRIPTORJI: znanje, konstruktivizem, epistemologija
DESCRIPTORS: knowledge, constructivism, epistemology
POVZETEK - Avtorici razpravljata o raznolikosti teoretičnih izhodišč konstruktivistično usmerjenega pouka in poskušata vzpostaviti zvezo med teorijo o nastajanju znanja in učinkovitostjo izobraževanja. Ugotavljata, da konstruktivizem ne zahteva le aktivnega učenca, ki si svoje znanje gradi z lastnim miselnim naporom, ampak tudi aktivnega učitelja. ABSTRACT - The authors discuss the diversity of theoretical starting points in constructivism oriented instruction and try to link the theory on the creation of knowledge with the effectiveness of education. They claim that constructivism does not only require an active student who builds his knowledge on mental effort but an active teacher as well.

Dr. Marjan Blažič

MULTIMEDIJI IN SPODBUJANJE SODELOVANJA

MULTIMEDIA AND INCENTIVES FOR THEIR IMPLEMENTATION

Pregledni znanstveni članek Review
UDK 004.55:37 UDC 004.55:37
DESKRIPTORJI: multimediji, didaktične funkcije, inovacije, interaktivno učenje, spopolnjevanje učiteljev
DESCRIPTORS: multimedia, teaching functions, innovations, in-service teacher training
POVZETEK - V prispevku avtor razpravlja o nekaterih didaktičnih vidikih multimedijskih tehnologij in njihovem vplivu na kvaliteto učnega procesa. Predstavi nekatere osnovne pobude za uvajanje multimedijske tehnologije v šole in izpostavi pomembnejše didaktične funkcije medijev, kot so ponazarjanje, motivacija, informativnost in reprodukcija, možnosti individualizacije in interaktivnega učenja. Ugotavljamo, da so z novimi multimedijskimi tehnologijami šole dobile številne spodbude za inovativno pedagoško delo, vendar pa mora te procese spremljati nenehno strokovno spopolnjevanje učiteljev, kajti integracija novih tehnologij je kompleksna naloga, ki terja diferenciranost šolske organizacije. ABSTRACT - The author discusses teaching aspects of multimedia technologies and their impact on the quality of the teaching process. He presents the fundamental incentives for the implementation of multimedia technology into schools and exposes the more important teaching functions of the media, such as the function of illustrating, of motivation, the informative and the reproduction function, the possibility of individualisation and interactive learning. We can establish that with the new multimedia technologies schools have gained numerous incentives for innovative educational work. These processes, however, must be constantly accompanied by professional in-service teacher training because integration of new technologies is a complex task requiring differentiated school organisation.

Marija Javornik

POLOŽAJ UČENCA V UČNEM PROCESU

STUDENT'S ROLE IN THE LEARNING PROCESS

Izvirni znanstveni članek Original scientific paper
UDK 371.3:37.03 UDC 371.3:37.03
DESKRIPTORJI: učenci, raziskovanje, samostojnost, ustvarjalnost, motivacija, participacija, sodelovanje
DESCRIPTORS: student's role, individual research, creative activity, internal motivation, participation, student co-operation
POVZETEK - Prispevek prikazuje vlogo in položaj učencev v vzgojno-izobraževalnem procesu. V prvem delu izpostavimo tri ključne pogoje za uresničevanje aktivnejše vloge učencev v vzgojno-izobraževalnem procesu: ustvarjalna aktivnost učencev, notranja motivacija in položaj učencev v posameznih fazah vzgojno-izobraževalnega procesa. V drugem delu so prikazani rezultati pilotske empirične raziskave, ki odpirajo vprašanje, ali se teoretične sodobne zamisli o vlogi in položaju učencev tudi dejansko uresničujejo v vzgojno-izobraževalni praksi. ABSTRACT - The article is about the role students play in the modern educational process. The first part introduces the three basic conditions that have to be fulfilled if the student is to become active in the educational process: the activity must be creative, there must be internal motivation and the student must play a part in the individual stages of the educational process. In the second part the article focuses on the empirical findings about the student's role in the educational process. The results leave us with the question: is the student's role in the educational process really a modern one - in the sense of all the characteristics described in the article.

Janja Batič

RAZVIJANJE MOTIVACIJE ZA LIKOVNO-USTVARJALNO DELO

DEVELOPING MOTIVATION FOR CREATIVE ARTISTIC WORK

Izvirni znanstveni članek Original scientific paper
UDK 372.87 UDC 372.87
DESKRIPTORJI: osnovna šola, likovna vzgoja, motivacija, materiali in orodja, motiv, skupinsko delo
DESCRIPTORS: primary school, art education, motivation, materials and tools, motif, group work
POVZETEK - Članek obravnava izboljšanje motivacije za likovno-ustvarjalno delo pri učencih v višjih razredih osnovne šole. Cilji izpeljane akcijske raziskave so bili izboljšati obstoječe načine dela pri likovni vzgoji, omogočiti učencem večjo samostojnost v procesu likovne vzgoje in povečati interes učencev za likovno vzgojo. Akcijska raziskava, ki je bila izvedena v dveh fazah, je potekala na eni izmed mariborskih osnovnih šol in je vključevala sodelovanje dveh sedmih in dveh osmih razredov ter tamkajšnjo likovno pedagoginjo. Dobljeni rezultati so pokazali, da na motivacijo učencev dobro vplivata samostojna izbira materialov in orodij za delo ter delno samostojna izbira motiva. ABSTRACT - The article focuses on the improvement of motivation for creative work of children at the higher primary level. The objective of our action research was to improve the existing methods of art education work, to allow children greater independence in the process, and also to enhance their interest in art education. The action research was conducted in two rounds at a primary school in Maribor and included two seventh and two eighth grades and an art education teacher. The results have shown that independent selection of materials and partly independent selection of motifs have positive effects on motivation for creative work.

Dr. Slavko Cvetek

POUČEVANJE TUJIH JEZIKOV IN IZOBRAŽEVANJE TUJEJEZIKOVNIH UČITELJEV TER NJIHOV VPLIV NA PROGRAME ZA IZOBRAŽEVANJE

CONCEPTIONS ABOUT FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION AND THEIR IMPACT ON EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES

Izvirni znanstveni članek Original scientific paper
UDK 372.8:811 UDC 372.8:811
DESKRIPTORJI: izobraževanje tujejezikovnih učiteljev, pojmovanja o poučevanju in izobraževanju učiteljev, programska evalvacija
DESCRIPTORS: foreign language teacher education, conceptions of teaching and teacher education, programme evaluation
POVZETEK - Avtor ugotavlja, da proces profesionalizacije pedagoškega poklica še ni končan, med drugim tudi zaradi preskromne baze znanja o poučevanju in izobraževanju učiteljev. To velja tudi za teorijo tujejezikovnega poučevanja in izobraževanja tujejezikovnih učiteljev. Prispevek sestoji iz dveh delov. Prvi del vsebuje pregled sodobnih pojmovanj o tujejezikovnem poučevanju in izobraževanju tujejezikovnih učiteljev in ugotavlja vpliv teh pojmovanj na programe za izobraževanje tujejezikovnih učiteljev. Drugi del prispevka predstavlja rezultate empirične raziskave, s katero je avtor ugotavljal stališča visokošolskih učiteljev, ki izvajajo program za izobraževanje učiteljev angleškega jezika, do programa in njegovega izvajanja, še posebej z vidika ustreznosti programa za pedagoško profesijo. ABSTRACT - The author agrees with those who believe that the process of professionalisation of teaching is not yet finished, one of the reasons being the insufficient knowledge base of teaching and teacher education. This is also true for the theory of foreign language (FL) teaching and for the education of foreign language teachers. The paper consists of two parts. The first part gives an overview of contemporary conceptions of FL teaching and FL teacher education, and aims to identify the impact of these conceptions on FL teacher education programmes. In the second part of his paper the author presents the results of his empirical research, which aimed to identify the attitudes and opinions held by the Faculty of Education academic staff, who participate in the programme for future English language teachers, towards the programme and its implementation, with a particular focus on its appropriateness for the teaching profession.

Dr. Maria Wedenigg

PROJEKTNO DELO IN TIMSKI UČITELJ NA KOROŠKEM

PROJECT WORK AND TEAM TEACHER IN THE CARINTHIA REGION

Strokovni članek Professional paper
UDK 371.2 UDC 371.2
DESKRIPTORJI: učni cilji, dvojezičnost, timski učitelj
DESCRIPTORS: teaching aims, bilingualism, team teacher
POVZETEK - Avtorica v svojem članku poroča o problematiki dvojezičnega pouka na avstrijskem Koroškem. Zakon omogoča, da občasno sodeluje poleg dvojezičnega učitelja v tem procesu tudi timski učitelj, kar omogoča kvalitetnejše doseganje učnih ciljev in realizacijo vzgojnih nalog šole. Za opravljanje teh nalog pa je potrebno dodatno izobraževanje in usposabljanje učiteljev. ABSTRACT - The author discusses the issues connected with bilingual education in Austrian Carinthia. Next to a bilingual teacher, the law allows for a team teacher on a part time basis, which enables higher quality of work and better implementation of school educational aims. To be successful in this work, the teacher has to be additionally trained and educated.

Dr. Samo Fošnarič

ELEMENTI POUČEVANJA PROMETNE VZGOJE V 9-LETNI OSNOVNI ŠOLI

TEACHING TRAFFIC EDUCATION IN THE 9-YEAR PRIMARY SCHOOL

Strokovni članek Professional paper
UDK 371.3:656 UDC 371.3:656
DESKRIPTORJI: učenci, učitelji, poučevanje, prometna vzgoja, devetletka
DESCRIPTORS: students, teachers, teaching, traffic education, 9-year primary school
POVZETEK - Prometna vzgoja predstavlja pomemben element na poti odraščanja otroka. Na njej je pomembno sodelovanje vseh akterjev: učencev, staršev in učiteljev. Tudi prenova osnovnošolskega izobraževanja ni ostala imuna do tega področja. Prometna vzgoja se tako smiselno vsebinsko nadgrajuje po vsej vertikali in se celovito vključuje v proces vzgoje in izobraževanja. V kakšnem okolju naj poteka pouk prometne vzgoje? Kakšna je spremenjena podoba tega področja in kako se v nekaterih segmentih to odraža pri učiteljih, je samo nekaj zanimivejših vprašanj. ABSTRACT - Traffic education represents an important element in the child's process of growth and requires joint efforts of all involved parties: students, parents and teachers. The renovation of primary education has not remained immune to it and we can observe how traffic education is being upgraded vertically in all stages and has become completely integrated in the educational process. Some of the questions in this connection are: What is the proper environment for traffic education? What is the changed understanding of this area and how does it reflect on the teacher.

Dr. Tatjana Ferjan

USTVARJALNOST UČENCEV PRI RAZISKOVALNEM UČENJU

STUDENT CREATIVITY APPLIED IN RESEARCH LEARNING

Strokovni članek Professional paper
UDK 371.3 UDC 371.3
DESKRIPTORJI: ustvarjalnost, inovacija, raziskovalno učenje, učne metode
DESCRIPTORS: creativity, innovation, research learning, learning methods
POVZETEK - Sestavek obravnava ustvarjalnost in inovacije učencev pri pouku. Raziskovalno učenje kot integriran proces omogoča odkrivanje številnih novih, doslej neznanih značilnosti. Raziskovalni pristop je pomembna sestavina hevristične učne strategije, ki prispeva k večji samostojnosti in ustvarjalnosti učencev. ABSTRACT - The article discusses creativity and innovations of students during lessons. As an integrated process, research learning enables the discovery of numerous new characteristics not known until now. The research approach is an important constituent of the heuristic learning strategy, which contributes to greater student independence and creativity.

Aleksandra Ristič

RAZŠIRITEV MATEMATIČNEGA PROBLEMA

EXPANSION OF A MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM

Strokovni članek Professional paper
UDK 372.851 UDC 372.851
DESKRIPTORJI: učni cilji, matematika, problem, načini reševanja, učne strategije
DESCRIPTORS: teaching aims, mathematics, problem, ways of problem solving, learning strategies
POVZETEK - Beseda problem je ena najpogosteje rabljenih besed današnjega časa. Prepletena je z vsakdanjim življenjem ljudi in jih spremlja od zgodnjega otroštva pa vse do starosti. Reševanje problemov je torej pomembno v vsakem trenutku našega življenja in vseh družbenih procesih, tako da ni nič čudnega, da je postalo tudi eden najpomembnejših elementov načrtov in ciljev vseh izobraževalnih ustanov na vseh nivojih izobraževanja, od vrtca pa do univerze. Poleg poznavanja pojmov in postopkov so pomembne tudi učne strategije, ki pomagajo pridobljena znanja uporabiti v novih situacijah. Avtorica opredeljuje pojem matematičnega problema in izvede razvrstitev glede na različno pot reševanja in glede na različnost cilja. ABSTRACT - The word problem is one of the most frequently used words in modern times. It is intricately connected with the everyday lives of the people and accompanies them from early childhood to old age. Problem solving is thus an important activity in every single moment of our lives and in all social processes. No wonder that it has also become one of the most relevant elements of planning and goal setting of all educational institutions and at all educational levels from kindergarten to university. Beside the concepts and procedures there are also learning strategies which play an important role in the application of the acquired knowledge to new learning situations. The author defines the concept of a mathematical problem and offers a classification based on the different solution paths and on the different goals.

Dragica Breščak

SLUŠNO RAZUMEVANJE PRI MATURI IZ ANGLEŠČINE

LISTENING COMPREHENSION IN ENGLISH AS PART OF THE MATURA EXAM

Strokovni članek Professional paper
UDK 373.54:372.8:811.111 UDC 373.54:372.8:811.111
DESKRIPTORJI: matura, test, poslušanje, slušni preizkus
DESCRIPTORS: the Matura exam, test, listening comprehension
POVZETEK - Avtorica poroča o slušnem preizkusu pri maturi in možnih tipih nalog. Posreduje primer maturitetne izpitne pole ter nekaj sugestij učiteljem, kako razviti sposobnosti poslušanja pri dijakih. ABSTRACT - The article is about the Matura listening paper, its types and topics. It gives an example of a test task as well as some suggestions for teachers and students about how to develop listening skills.